Anthropometry Nutrition

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 Anthropometry is the most frequently used method to assess the nutritional status of individuals or population groups. Measurements of nutritional anthropometry are based on growth in children and body weight changes in adults.

Anthropometry is the most frequently used method to assess the nutritional status of individuals or population groups. Measurements of nutritional anthropometry are based on growth in children and body weight changes in adults.


Nutritional anthropometry


Nutritional anthropometry has been defined as "measurements of the variations of the physical dimensions and the gross composition of the human body at different age levels and degrees of nutrition "(Jelliffe, 1966). Anthropometric measurements are of two types, growth and body composition, and have been widely used for the assessment of the nutritional status of both children and adults. The selection of the ideal single or a combined use of anthropometric indicators depends upon the sensitivity and specificity of the indicator chosen. Sensitive indices are ideally suited for nutritional status assessment in screening or surveillance activities as they are capable of detecting even small changes that occur in nutritional status during conditions of food inadequacy.

Nutritional anthropometry has several advantages (Gibson, 1990), which are summarized in Table 1. There are also, however, several limitations that should be mentioned (Table 2). Nutritional anthropometric techniques are prone to measurement and other types of errors - both systematic and random. These errors arise out of inadequate and improper training of personnel, difficulties in measurement of certain anthropometric characteristics such as skinfolds, and instrumental or technical errors. These errors can be minimized by proper training of personnel to use standardized, validated techniques and by frequent calibration of instruments, thus improving the accuracy and precision of the measurement. WHO (1983) has provided guidelines for standardization of procedures and for the calculation of inter-and intra-observer variations in nutritional anthropometric measurements in children. These limitations to anthropometry should not be overemphasized, however, because all approaches to assess numbers of undernourished, particularly those at the household level, are beset with such problems.... 


The study analyzed data from the national survey "Health needs and health service use by older-than-60-year-old beneficiaries of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS)". The present study included only individuals who reported no chronic disease in the last 20 years and had no hospital admission in the two months prior to the survey. Anthropometric measurements included weight, height, body mass index (BMI), body circumference (arm, waist, hip and calf), waist to hip ratio (WHR), elbow amplitude and knee-heel length.. 

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